They are a major constituent of many temperate forests. In a range of habitats and at varying altitudes but prefer deep, moist, fertile soils. platanoides), becoming naturalized in parts of Canada. Of the 125 Acer species found worldwide, over two-thirds grow in China 10 are native to Canada, and others are grown as ornamentals, with some (such as Norway maple, A. The angle between the wings of a maple key varies with different species. The fruits (known as samaras or maple keys) are produced in winged pairs (rarely in threes). MaleĪnd female flowers are separate, within the same cluster, in separate clusters, or on separate trees, again depending on the species. The flowers, pollinated by wind or by insects, are clustered, whitish to light yellow-green, or sometimes red in colour, depending on the species. In spring, the maple leaf-buds start to expand, often at the same time as the tree’s blooming flowers. The fall colours are due to the production of pigments called anthocyanins (responsible for the red colours) and/or the presence of carotenoids (orange and yellow) in the leaves after the green chlorophyll breaks down. On the west coast, however, the bigleaf maple, equally vibrant, turns bright golden yellow. Most, especially those celebrated in Canada’s eastern hardwood forests, display brilliant reds and oranges. Maples are famous for their brilliant fall colours. Vine maple leaves have seven to nine lobes and turn bright red or yellow in the fall.
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